L/508/0485 | Types of Business and Business Environment | Ford Motor

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P1. Purpose and different type of organisations and adoption of legal structure.

There are different types of business organisation which perform their activity in a systematic manner for the purpose of accomplish any of the specific targets. There are different form of organisation where some of them might have the objective to earn profit whereas other might have the intention to work for the social welfare (Teng, Thekdi and Lambert, 2012). Different types of business organisation are explained below:

Public Sector Organisation: It is one of the form of business organisation where involvement of government can be seen instead of general public. This types of organisation doesn't have any of the motive to earn the profit. The best suitable example of public sector company in UK is Crown Prosecution Service which conduct criminal prosecution in England and Wales.

• Purpose – The main purpose of the company is just to provide the services to public living within England & Wale

Central Government – The process of collecting the fund in this types of organisation is Incomes Tax which they collect from the public at large.

Local Government – They takes the help of Council tax to collect fund for operating the activities.

State Government – Some of the specific power has been given to this types of government from which they easily collect the fund.

Talking about Crown Prosecution Service, they are one the public company which is controlled by Central Government.

Private Sector Organizations –The form of business which are established and run by the private individuals is known as private sector company. Ford is one of the private sector industry which perform their business activity in different part of the world such as United Kingdom, United States etc.

• Purpose – This are those business organisation which perform their activity just for the purpose of earning profit by selling goods and services.

Sole Proprietorship : This are the firm where business activity are needed to be performed at a smaller ground where interference of other people is not allowed (Singh, 2012). To start any of the sole proprietorship, it is necessary to do the registration for self-assessment in HMRC.

Partnership : These types of business can be performed only in the situation where more then one people come together with a common objective for earning profit. Here, partnership deed plays the crucial role in conducting the activities.

Limited Company : This are the business organisation where business activities are performed at a greater platform. It is needed to be understood that this types of compnay can be started only in the situation where it is registered under the Companies Act 2006. Ford Motors is one of the suitable example of limited company.

Voluntary Organizations – This are the organisation where number of people come together with a objective which they wants to achieve in a specific time period. Proper agreements plays the crucial role in it. Cancer Research UK is one of the organisation which perform the voluntary work for achieving the specific objectives.

• Purpose: This types of organisation mainly have the concept that they must work for the welfare of the public.
• Trust – This are those entity which are not legally registered due to which they are not allowed to enter in any sort of agreements. 

Unincorporated Association – This are also not legally registered where liability of the person entered into the agreement is always not limited in it.

Company like Cancer Research is based on the trust where they are not allowed to enter into the agreement for personal benefit.\

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P2. The size and scope of different type of organisation.

It is necessary to understand that different business organisation have different types of working structure for attaining the objectives. On the basis of objectives, companies are divided into three different categories and they are voluntary, private and public. Below, there is the discussion about the size and scope of this types of organisation in detail.

Ford Motors

Background: It is one of the company which was founded in the year 1903 on 16^th June. The area in which company is serving its services are Dearborn, Michigan, U.S.

Product & Services: They provide the product and services of vehicles which are mainly of official purpose, sports and luxury types (Huang and et. al. 2013).

Vision & Mission- Company has the vision to reach to the destination where they can be recognised as the biggest automotive sector industry.

Size- There are around 90 plants of ford in world world which is allowed to give employment to around 213000 employees.

Scope- They have the option to enter into the market of Japan and South Korea for earning more profit.

Cancer Research UK

Background- It is the organisation which was established in the year 2002 on 4^th February. It is located in London where they mainly focuses on reducing the cases related to cancer.

Services- They are providing the treatment to the patient who are from the issues of cancer of different stages.

Vision & Mission- Company wants to remove the issue related to the death which occurs because of cancer.

Size- Around 4000 employees who are working with the company whereas 40000 volunteers who are connect with the organisation.

Scope-  They have been providing their services to world wide but main focus is in the part of UK.

Crown Prosecution Service

Background: It is one of the company which was founded in the year 1986 where its headquarter is in London, United Kingdom. They are mainly working for the purpose of giving justice to the general public where police investigate the case.

Services: They mainly focus on criminal proceeding and try to find whether the evidences which are collected by the police are relevant or not (Golovnev and et. al. 2013).

Vision & Mission- They have a clear vision to become one of the excellent department which go through casework in detail to make sure that decisions are being taken in a fair way.

Size-  In present scenario, there are almost 6000 employees who are working with Crown Prosecution Service.

Scope- As the results are effective, it can be easily said that company can expand its work in different part of UK which help people feel them secure as right decision will be declared in it.

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P3. The relationship between different organisation function and their link to organisational objective and structures.

In any of the organisation there are different organisation who are being provided different types of roles and responsibilities. This duties are needed to be performed for the purpose of accomplishing the goals of a company. In context of Ford Motors, they are one of those organisation who have categorised different department for performing any of the business activity. The relation between these department have been explained below:

 Human resource with marketing department:Human Resource is one of the most important department in any of the organisation as they are the one of those department who has the responsibilities to hire the appropriate candidate who can work as per the requirement of a company (Ehret, Kashyap and Wirtz, 2013). In context of Ford Motors, they are very close to marketing department who helps to bring on the skilled and professional candidate who can perform as per the requirement. This will give the HR team the idea that which candidate can be helpful for them in future course of time.

Marketing with production department:It is the responsibility of the marketing team of Ford Motors determine and find that what are the requirement customers and changes which they are willing in the upcoming model. This will allow the production department to do proper planning that how they can introduce the changes in organisation so that requirement of customers can be met with limited cost. Once new product is manufactured by the production department then advertisement can be done by the marketing team of Ford Motors to earn the profit.

Financial with production department: The department of Finance in Ford Motors has the responsibility to manage the every single work which are related with the monetary transaction. It is one of the department which helps to bring the stability within the production department as it has the responsibilities to manage the additional amount of fund whenever it is required by the production department (Khan and Quaddus, 2015). In short, financial department is one of the most important department of Ford which allows the production department to perform their task in qualitative manner.

Organisation Structure- Ford Motors is one of the matrix structured company where some of the important person of the organisation is regional manager, store manager and personnel managers. This is very helpful for performing any of the work in a systematic manner. It is allowing them to take competitive advantage in the market and even allowing the organisation to accomplish their goals on time.

Matrix Organisational Structure: It is one of the organisation structure which are used by the business organisation for the purpose of accomplishing the goals of a company. In this types of organisational structure, it is needed to be understood that report can be done to business manager in a different way which will allow the company to earn the profit and chances of errors also reduces in it (Kolk, 2016). Here, it is the responsibility of employees working in Ford Motors to report their top level management so that required decision can be easily taken by the company.

Analyse the advantage and disadvantage of interrelationships between organisational functions and the impact that can have upon the organisational Structure.

Talking about the positive side of interrelationship between different department, it can be easily said that company will be able to perform any of the work in a systematic manner. The main advantage is that there will be better communication system which will be able to develop a healthy environment in the organisation (Analysing The Organisational Structure, 2019). On the other hand of side, it is needed to be understood that if any of the department is unable to perform any of the work as per the requirement then in that performance of other organisation will be also affected in it which is one of the main disadvantage of interrelationship between different departments.

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P4. Identify the positive and negative impacts the macro environment has upon business operations, supported by specific examples.

PESTLE analysis can be explained as the process which is used by the firms for the purpose of find the current position of the market which can affect on day to day working policies. It is one of the model which has a great impact on decision making ability because single decision can create lots of problem through which goals might not be accomplished on specific time period (Sodeyfi, 2016). In context of the manager of Ford Motors, their manager can be beneficial by using the PESTLE analysis because it will simply help to take better decision for future period of time by analysing all of the factors. The detail information about the model is explained below:

Political Factor:

It is one of the factor which has the great importance for any of the business organisation because they are needed to take any of the decision as per the decision taken by the government parties. Talking about Ford Motors, they are needed to understand that Political Factors has the great effect on their da to day activity.

• Positive: As UK is of the area where political stability can be easily found which means that company can easily take the long term decisions for attaining the goals.
• Negative: Just because of the Brexit, it has been found that free trading policy has been removed due to which more expenses will be incurred for import and export work.

Economical Factor:

It is one of the external factor which has a huge impact on working policies because slight changes in the inflation rate or any other exchange rates can create huge problem which will have a impact on daily performance. In context of Ford Motors, they are needed to understand about the economical factor because that has a positive as well as negative impact on the company.

• Positive: The economic condition of UK is increasing day by day due to which Ford has the good opportunity to earn huge amount of profit in future period of time.
• Negative: Company like Ford is performing its activity in different part of the world where economic condition are not stable which is one of the reason that they are unable earn profit from other part of the world (Virglerová, DobeÅ¡ and Vojtovič, 2016).

Social Factor:

Social factor simply explains about the believes and culture of the people. It is needed to understand for Ford Motors that if they want to sustain within the market then they must try to find that what are requirement of customers.

• Positive- Company can introduce the chances as per the requirement of people which will enhance the profit.
• Negative: People living in different area are connected with organisation due to which it not possible for the company fulfil the demand of every single customer which is one of the negative side for the organisation.

Technolog

It is the factor which has the connection which technologies which a company uses to sustain within the market. For company like Ford Motors, they are needed to focus the most on this factor to perform better in the market.

• Positive- Ford Motors must keep themselves updated as per the requirement of customers which will allow company to earn more profit from the market.
• Negative- As technologies are needed to be update on regular basis due to which it is needed to be understand that it will increase the overall expenses of a company (Otache and Mahmood, 2015).

Environmental Factor:

It is related with the cultural values where organisation is required to conduct those business activity which doesn't create problem for existing natural resources. Resoirces must be used in a systematic manner.

• Positive- If manager of Ford motors will be able to manage all of the activity due to which use of carbon can be decreased then goals can be accomplished easily.
• Negative- If in any of the situation company will not be able to perform their task as per the requirement of people and environment then sale of Ford may reduce significantly.

Legal Factor:

This is a external which has a huge importance for business organisation as it includes rules and regulations which has been enforced by the government. Different types of laws which are imposed upon the company like Ford is employment law, consumer protection law and many more.

• Positive- If Ford Motors will follow all of the rules and regulations then it will be helpful for them to develop the perfect brand image in the market.
• Negative- If in case company fails to follow the rules and regulations then legal penalties can be imposed which can create lots of issues for the organisation like Ford (Banica and Hagiu, 2015).

P5. Conduct internal and external analysis of specific organisations in order to identify strengths and weaknesses.

It is needed to be understand the SWOT analysis is one the business which helps to determine the current position of company internally. This can be one of the option through which improvement can be done. Below, there is the discussion about two different organisation on which SWOT has been done.

SWOT analysis on Ford Motors

Strength	Weaknesses
It has been found that Ford Motors has develop the global recognition in the market due to which they are able to attract customers easily. The second strength which company like Ford Motors have is that they have a very reliable Research & development department which is allowing them to bring any of the changes as per the requirement of situation. It is found that while comparing the company with German and Japanese market, Ford has a very poor reputation in the market due to which profit earning is very low. Market of Ford Motors is completely dependent upon the performance which they show in the market of United States and United Kingdom.
Opportunities	Threats
Ford Motors is one of the company which is still not available in digital market which allows organisation to enhance the sale. Company has the opportunity to work by adopting latest technologies which will allow them to manufacture Eco-Friendly. In current situation, Ford has been facing tough competition in the market, specially from the organisation like TESLA, Toyota and many more. The prices of raw material and steels products which are being used by Ford is increasing day by day due to which profit margin will be affected from it in future period of time.

Influence of SWOT analysis in decision making process of Ford Motors

It is needed to be understood for Ford Motors that they must focus on weaknesses and threats so that they can get the opportunity that how they are required to perform in any of the situation. Manager must give more importance on opportunities which are in front of the organisation so that company will get the opportunity to reach near to their mission and vision. And at the end if Ford Motors will be able to give more focus on Strength of a company then they will be able to give more tough competition in the market.

SWOT Analysis Of Cancer Research UK

Strength	Weaknesses
The main strength of the Cancer Research is their team of doctors which have been working really hard for their project. It has been found that company has started to deal with almost 285000 cases of cancer on a yearly basis which is one of the great strength for company to accomplish their targets (Sodeyfi, 2016). As they are required to have a proper research and development team who can do various research on cancer but due to the lack of fund they are unable to do that in a systematic manner. Their are unable to sustain their employees for the longer period of time which is one of the major problem for the organisation like Cancer Research UK.
Opportunities	Threats
Cancer Research UK has the opportunity to take the help from government for the purpose solving the issues related to fund. As company has been trying hard to perform better in the field of R&D, they have the opportunity to develop the drug which can cure the problem of cancer in a significant manner. The major threats which is occurring upon the company is that they are able to manage the fund which can be one of the reason that they might have to shut down the work in future period of time. One of the major threats for Cancer Research UK is that their expertise and doctors who are of other nation might not be connect with organisation for longer period of time.Â

Influence of SWOT analysis in decision making process of Cancer Research UK

It is crucial for the organisation like Cancer Research to understand that they must work on weaknesses because that will allow them to sustain within the market. By looking at the situation of the opportunities in front of them, they can easily try to find that how they are required to work and what can be the ways of raising the fund because that is the only way to do proper research in the market (Kolk, 2016). Looking at the threats, it will be crucial for the department of organisation to ensure that they will build the strong team of doctors as well as scientist who can allow themselves to perform for future period of time.

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P6. Explain how strengths and weaknesses interrelate with external macro factors.

It is needed to be understand that strength and weaknesses of company always plays the crucial role for the business organisation like Ford. It can be said that strength and weaknesses are also inter-related with external macro factor which has been discussed briefly below.

PEST Analysis: It is the business model which gives suggestion to business organisation that how external factor may influence the decision making process of the organisation. Below, PEST analysis has been explained upon Ford Motors.

Political Factor

It is the factor which is related with the rules and regulation which are imposed by the local and state level government. Some of the major rules which they mainly focuses are tax policies, anti-dumping duties and many more.

• Strength: The main strength of Ford is that they are able to follow all of the rules and regulations of UK law which allows them to develop earn more profit from the market of UK.
• Weakness: If in any of the situation, government of UK take the harsh decision then in that situation Ford Motors might have to suffer because they totally depend upon the market of UK.

Economic Factor

It is the factor which has the direct connection with the economical situation of a nation. It is needed to be understood that Ford Motors must work as per the economical situation of a company.

• Strength: As they mainly performs in the market of UK where economical condition are developing day by day due to which it becomes easy for Ford to perform better in the market.
• Weakness: If in any of the situation, inflation rate changes then Ford Motors will have to suffer to attain their goals even sale might also decrease (Banica and Hagiu, 2015).

Social Factor

This is the factor which directly explains company is required to work as per the guidelines and believes of people. Ford Motors is required needed to focus on this factor the most.

• Strength: It is needed to be understand that Ford Motors Must work as per needs and believe in culture so that their sales can be enhanced at a greater speed.
• Weakness: If in any of the situation company ignores the requirement of people as per their believes and culture then customers might switch to another company.

Technological Factor

This is among one of those factor which has the huge importance for any of the organisation because it directly reflects that well company adopt changes for attaining their goals. Talking about Ford Motors, they are one of the automotive sector industry where technology plays the crucial role.

• Strength: Within this respective factor, company like Ford Motors will be allowed to perform their any of the task in a systematic manner which will allow to achieve their targets by meeting the requirements of customers.
• Weakness: It is one of those factor where company like Ford Motors will have to adopt the changes which will decrease the efficiency of the employees in first phase.

CONCLUSION

From the above file, it can be easily concluded that Business and business environment can be one of the most crucial topic as it tells that how any of the work is needed to be done. Different types of business organisation have different types of role and responsibilities which they must conduct to accomplish the target. PESTLE analysis will allow Ford Motors to determine that what are those factor which can affect their working policies and according to that they will be able to take decision. On the last strength and weaknesses will allow the perform better in the market to take competitive advantage in the market.

REFERENCES

Books & Journals

• Teng, K.Y., Thekdi, S.A. and Lambert, J.H., 2012. Identification and evaluation of priorities in the business process of a risk or safety organization. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 99. pp.74-86.
• Singh, P.K., 2012. Management of Business Processes Can Help an Organization Achieve Competitive Advantage. International Management Review, 8(2).
• Huang, H.C. and et. al. 2013. Overcoming organizational inertia to strengthen business model innovation: An open innovation perspective. Journal of Organizational Change Management, 26(6). pp.977-1002.
• Golovnev, I.F. and et. al. 2013. Defect generation as a phenomenon of structure self-organization under external loads. Physical mesomechanics, 16(4). pp.294-302.
• Ehret, M., Kashyap, V. and Wirtz, J., 2013. Business models: Impact on business markets and opportunities for marketing research. Industrial Marketing Management, 42(5). pp.649-655.
• Khan, E.A. and Quaddus, M., 2015. Examining the influence of business environment on socio-economic performance of informal microenterprises: content analysis and partial least square approach. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 35(3/4), pp.273-288.
• Kolk, A., 2016. The social responsibility of international business: From ethics and the environment to CSR and sustainable development. Journal of World Business, 51(1), pp.23-34.
• Sodeyfi, S., 2016. Review of literature on the nexus of financial leverage, product quality, & business conditions. Journal of Economic & Management Perspectives, 10(2), pp.146-150.
• Virglerová, Z., DobeÅ¡, K. and Vojtovič, S., 2016. The perception of the state’s influence on its business environment in the SMEs from Czech Republic. Administratie si Management Public.
• Otache, I. and Mahmood, R., 2015. Corporate entrepreneurship and business performance: the role of external environment and organizational culture: A proposed framework. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), p.524.
• Banica, L. and Hagiu, A., 2015. Big data in business environment. Scientific Bulletin-Economic Sciences, 14(1), pp.79-86.

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