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    Business Decision Making Assessment - ABC Plc

    Question :

    Task Description:

    TASK

    ABC plc is a computer software company of UK which is trading in some parts of the Europe. The Strategic managers of ABC plc company are looking forward to invest in a new business. They have called upon new business proposals and finally, chosen two projects in managers’ discretion to make final decision. Initial investment required for project A is £40,000 and for project B is £60,000. The rate of return expected is at 12%. The net cash flows for two projects can be summarized as below:

    Year

    Project A – Motor Software Project

    Project B – Hardware Project

    0

    (£40,000)

    (£60,000)

    1

    £8,000

    £10,000

    2

    £12,000

    £20,000

    3

    £16,000

    £25,000

    4

    £20,000

    £30,000

    Write an essay on business decision making, covering the payback period and NPV, and financial and non-financial factors used to aid decision making.

    Word limit – 1000 words

    Answer :

    INTRODUCTION

    Decision making is considered as most essential part of firm that determines success of entity (Varghese, 2017). This is the process of taking right action that may aid company in accomplishing its goal and sustaining in market for longer duration. Financial team of firm takes support of investment appraisal techniques to make accurate decision. Present study is based on ABC Plc which is the computer software entity. Current assignment will use investment appraisal technique to analyses viability of two projects. 

    TASK

    Business decision making

    Whenever firm plans to invest in any project then first it has to determine the suitability and feasibility of that project so that entity can determine where it would be right decision or not.

    NPV (Net present value)

    This is considered as most common technique that evaluates future cash flow that can be generated by business by investing in current project (Wijne and et.al., 2019). It calculates actual difference between present and future value of cash flow and accordingly investment manager makes decision of investment in particular project. This is appropriate method as it helps in determining value of investment and also considered time value of money. ABC Plc has two options of investment in the first option value of NPV is found 17831 whereas in second project NPV is 24430. That reflects that investment in project 2 would be best option for ABC company.

    As return on investment is high in this project. As in project 1 cash inflow for 1st year is 8000 an for 2nd year is 12000, 3rd year it is 16000 and for next two years it is 20000 and 30000. Discounted rate is 12% and initial investment in this project is 40000. After calculating NPV it is found that value of NPV is 17831. On other hand cash in project 2 for next 5 years are 10000, 20000, 25000, 30000, 40000. Initial investment in project2 is 60000 hence value of NPV in this project 2 is 24430 (Chaysin, Daengdej and Tangjitprom, 2016). Hence this reflects that future value of cash flow would be high in project 2 hence ABC strategic managers has to make investment in this project in order to get more return.

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    Project 1

    Net Present Value

    Year

    Cash inflows

    PV factor @ 12%

    Discounted cash inflows

    1

    8000

    0.893

    7142.8571

    2

    12000

    0.797

    9566

    3

    16000

    0.712

    11388

    4

    20000

    0.636

    12710

    5

    30000

    0.567

    17023

    Total discounted cash inflow

    57831

    Initial investment

    40000

    NPV (Total discounted cash inflows - initial investment)

    17831

    Project 2

    Net Present Value

    Year

    Cash inflows

    PV factor @ 12%

    Discounted cash inflows

    1

    10000

    0.893

    8928.5714

    2

    20000

    0.797

    15944

    3

    25000

    0.712

    17795

    4

    30000

    0.636

    19066

    5

    40000

    0.567

    22697

    Total discounted cash inflow

    84430

    Initial investment

    60000

    NPV (Total discounted cash inflows - initial investment)

    24430

    Payback period

    This is another most popular investment appraisal technique which is also known as capital budgeting tool, that helps in determining actual feasibility of project (Fokkema, Buijs and Vis, 20170. Many time investors prefer to invest in project in which cost can be recovered soon. Hence this method calculate the period in which actual investment can be recovered soon. As in the project 1 cost can be recovered in 3 year 7 months and in project 2 it can be recovered within 3 year 5 months. Though there is not much difference between project but still investment in project 2 would be better as entity will easily recover all the investment cost with 3 year and 5 months (Types of Financial Decisions in Financial Management, 2020).

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    Project1

    Payback period

    Year

    Cash inflows

    Cumulative cash inflows

    1

    8000

    8000

    2

    12000

    20000

    3

    16000

    36000

    4

    20000

    56000

    5

    30000

    86000

    Initial investment

    150000

    Payback period

    2

    1.7

    Payback period

    3 year and 7 months

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    Project 2

    Payback period

    Year

    Cash inflows

    Cumulative cash inflows

    1

    10000

    10000

    2

    20000

    30000

    3

    25000

    55000

    4

    30000

    85000

    5

    40000

    125000

    Initial investment

    150000

    Payback period

    2

    1.5

    Payback period

    3 year and 5 months

    There is need to take care of financial and non-financial factors that may help business in making correct decision for the growth of organisation. It is essential for ABC that to risk involved in investments and type of ownership otherwise it will not be able to generate profit from investments. Opportunity cost must be taken care by company while planning for decision making as if entity wants to invest some amount for the further development then it has to ensure that it control over the opportunity cost otherwise owner may face difficulty. Cash flow positon of business is another financial factor that needs to be taken care, if financial positon of organisation is not good then it will not be able to get profit.

    On other hand ABC Plc needs to ensure taking care of non-financial factor as well such as management team, skills of employees, brand image of organisation (Types of Financial Decisions in Financial Management, 2020). This would be better for the firm in gaining success in market and getting more return over its investments. Preferences of shareholder is another most important element that can influence business success, whenever company plan to make investment then company has to ensure that it becomes able to meet needs of all the stakeholders such as employees, investors etc. For example, employees and other stakeholders like to get dividend hence entity will have to take decision in such manner so that it can be in positon of providing adequate dividend to all the stakeholders successfully.

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    CONCLUSION

    From the above study it can be concluded that business decisions are most essential part of organisation hence manager of company needs to take care pf financial and non-financial factors while making any judgement for the welfare of organisation. This may help enterprise in gaining success. Payback period and NPV help the strategic manager in analysing viability of project and investing h=amount in the right project so that more profit can be generated.

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