Social Psychology Case Study

JS, a 28-year-old accountant, is working in a bug company in London. JS was not used to drinking alcohol but she has started going out with colleagues in order to adapt to the company culture. This led to increased consumption in alcohol, which led to tiredness and irritability at work.  On the way back to home, JS met with an accident where she hit the front of her head on pavement. She has sustained moderate brain injury. She has been short-tempered, angry outburst, impulsive, irritable, inappropriate comments, etc.

1. Analyzing theories of social influence which lead to changes in drinking behaviour.

Psychology is very useful in striving to learn about various factors that could influence thoughts and behaviour, which range from biological influences to social pressure.  It is very useful in seeking understanding and also explaining how people act, feel and think. Social influence is considered to be as the change in the behaviour of one person tends to largely affect the other person intentionally or unintentionally (Bellomo, Brezzi & Pulvirenti, 2017). This in turn results in the way person perceives relationship with the other individuals in the society. Social influence is referred to as the way each individual changes their behaviour in order to meet the demands of social environment. concise description of theory of social influence is considered to be an effective approach where individual belief, attitude and behaviour are largely influenced by others.  This is mainly based on three processes, which mainly includes identification, compliance and internalization (Torrance & Forde, 2017). This theory was proposed by Kelman, which helps in determining the level of changes which have been attributed to social influence.

Compliance

Compliance is considered to be an effective approach where they focus on effectively inducing the behaviour in order to gain rewards or satisfaction, which is derived from compliance due to the social effect of accepting social influence. JS wanted to gel up with the colleagues because it was a new company where she wanted to make some social connection.

Identification:

This is the primary process, which in turn focuses on adopting to the induced behaviour of the individual. This intends individual to maintain beneficial and desired relationship with the other individual or group of people (Bellomo, Brezzi & Pulvirenti, 2017). JS's never used to drink before but in order to maintain relationship with the other colleagues, she started hanging out with them, which in turn results in increased consumption in alcohol.

Internationalization:

This is a primary process that tends to occur when an individual tends to accept the influence that has been perceived after the induced behaviour is rewarding, which in turn indicates the action and opinion of others. The satisfaction tends to occur due to the content of new behaviour.JS's meeting with colleagues has led to increase in the behaviour of consumption of high degree of alcohol, which has led to higher operational growth and sustainability. This is due to the major social influencing factor, which in turn largely influences or shapes the individual's attitude and action based on belief. Social influences tend to affect the behaviour and thoughts of an individual where they focus on conforming to the norms in order to gain acceptance from society (Koetniyom, Carmai, Kassim & Ahmad, 2018).

2. Determining effects of alcohol on the central nervous system and how it might contribute towards JS's accident.

Alcohol can adversely affect the central nervous system, which in turn largely affects several parts of the brains. It tends to destroy brain cells, contracts brain tissues, etc. which in turn depresses the central nervous system. Excessive drinking over a particular prolonged period tends to cause serious issues related to cognition and memory. The peripheral nerves tend to transmit various signals between the body, brain and spinal cord. Individuals who drink alcohol tend to have negative effect on the peripheral nerves, which in turn is damaged due to too much alcohol consumption (Montesinos, Alfonso Loeches, & Guerri, 2016). Alcohol tends to have a negative impact on the nerve tissues, which in turn results in frequent alcohol abuse. Damage which is caused by alcoholic neuropathy is considered to be usually permanent. The neuro-cognitive deficit tends to have effect on the brain of an individual. This can have both direct as well as indirect effect, which tends to have negative impact on the central nervous system of an individual. Damage to nerve is mainly caused by alcoholic neuropathy. Such damage is considered to be mainly permanent. JS's has been habitual with increased alcohol problem. The front head injury and the post-alcohol behaviour of an individual tend to have a negative impact on the brain. Post-brain injury associated with the alcohol consumption is mainly associated with the increase in the risk of additional injury. This in turn reduces individual ability to benefit from rehabilitation (Gupta, Gupta, & Shirasaka, 2016). This in turn also increases the risk of seizures and also results in difficulty performing tasks effectively at work. Individuals with excessive substance abuse problem may experience a high degree of impulsion, depression, lower level of satisfaction, impulsive behaviour, irritation, angry outbursts, etc. Alcohol consumption post-injury tends to also worsen behavioral and emotional functioning after the head injury. Alcohol and brain injury are closely linked to each other. This will result in slower acute recovery and slower health outcomes (A biosocial model of the alcohol-aggression relationship, 2019). Alcohol intoxication tends to increase several risks associated with the type of injury, TBI (Traumatic brain injury), etc. which in turn adversely affects the central nervous system. Alcohol tends to slow down the brain injury recovery process. Alcohol and brain injury tend to have negative effect on the mental functioning of the business, which is mainly associated with the memory problem and flexibility associated with thinking. There are several negative mental effects associated with the alcohol.

3. Critically evaluating the brain area which was affected by the accident and how it was diagnosed.

A head injury is considered to be a sort of brain injury that is mainly associated with the skull, brain, or scalp. This mainly ranges from bruise, mild bump or traumatic brain injury (Montesinos, Alfonso-Loeches, & Guerri, 2016). The common brain injury mainly comprises of scalp wounds, skull fractures, etc. On the way back to home, JS's met with an accident where she hit the front of her head on pavement. She has sustained moderate brain injury. The front part of the brain, which is known as frontal lobe, tends to control various important cognitive skills of the human. This is mainly associated with the problem-solving skills, emotional expression, judgement, language, individual behaviour, etc. The frontal part of the brain tends to control the panel, which is mainly linked up with the individual's ability to communicate and effectively build up a personality (Crocetta, Piantini, Pierini & Simms, 2015). front head injury tends to result in cognitive impairment. After JS's regained consciousness, she reported symptoms like dizziness, confusion and disorientation. This in turn results in serious head injury to the individual, which in turn causes more damage to the individual. People with severe head injury tends to face several changes in the personality, which are mainly linked with change in the personality, ability to think and physical abilities.

Imaging test are considered to be one of the most common way and are mainly used to diagnose head injury. CT scan are considered to be the fastest and most accurate way to effectively diagnose the brain injury (Koetniyom, Carmai, Kassim & Ahmad, 2018).  This will help doctors diagnose for head fractures, bleeding, brain swelling, clotting, structural damage, etc. MRI scan is also considered to be an effective way through which more detailed view of the brain can be diagnosed.  JS's has been considered to be more irritable, impulsive, inappropriate language and anger outbursts, which in turn largely affects the brain condition of an individual.

4. Determining whether JS's accident is considered to the ALONE account for her angry outbursts.

It has been evaluated that accidents are not considered to be one of the key issues or the only reason, which in turn results in anger outbursts. JS's is already a short-tempered person, which in turn results in more anger out bursts. This in turn has resulted in JS's being more irritable, impulsive, using inappropriate language and outbursts of anger, which in turn largely affects the brain condition of an individual (Contet, Goulding, Kuljis, & Barth, 2016). high level of alcohol consumption is considered to be one of the major issues, which in turn adversely affects the functioning of the person. Drinking excessive alcohol may result in worsened negative outcome, which is mainly linked up with heightened anger and short temper.  Alcohol tends to affect individual behavior, which in turn leads  to an increased risk of aggression. This in turn results in change in the personality of an individual. Alcohol tends to reduce the ability of an individual to process multiple source of environmental information.  Alcohol results in poor impulse control, which in turn largely affects the individual behaviour and mental behaviour of an individual. JS's has traits of anger post-injury. She was always short-tempered, which in turn increased the of anger outbursts (A biosocial model of the alcohol-aggression relationship, 2019).  According to the world health organization, the relationship between aggressive behaviour and alcohol consumption is positive. increase in intoxication tends to result in increase in aggression. Neurological damage after the head injury tend to result in emotional volatility, which leads to intense mood swings and reactions to everyday situations. Neurological damage may result in overreactions, sudden tears, irritation and anger outbursts. Anger is considered to be as the emotional response to the head injury, which in turn adversely affects the performance and health outcomes of an individual.  Alcohol intoxication tends to bring out the natural tendency of the individual, where they are likely to result in anger outbursts. Aggression is considered to be the most promoted behavior, which in turn results in chronic or acute alcohol use (Maubert & et al. (2016)). Alcohol-related aggression tends to have numerous neurobiological and social causes.

CONCLUSION

From the above-conducted study, it has been summarized that psychology is very useful in seeking understanding and also explaining how people act, feel, and think. Social influence is referred to as the way each individual changes their behaviour in order to meet the demands of social environment. This study also highlights that a concise description of the theory of social influence is considered to be an effective approach where individual belief, attitudes, and behaviors are largely influenced by others.  Furthermore, it has been examined that Alcohol tends to destroy brain cells, contracts brain tissues, etc. which in turn depresses the central nervous system. Front head injury tends to result in cognitive impairment. Imaging test are considered to be one of the most common way and are mainly used to diagnose head injury. Alcohol tends to have the ability to reduce the inhibitory effect of aggressive behaviour. This study also determines that accident is not the only account for JS's angry outbursts.

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